A mobile robot is a machine device that automatically performs work. It is a robot system composed of sensors, remote control operators and automatically controlled mobile carriers. It has mobile functions and can replace people in dangerous and harsh (such as radiation, toxic, etc.) environments. It has greater mobility and flexibility than ordinary robots in terms of operations and operations in environments beyond the reach of humans (such as space, underwater, etc.).
A mobile robot is an intelligent robot that works in a complex environment with self-organization, autonomous operation and autonomous planning. It integrates computer technology, information technology, communication technology, microelectronics technology and robotics technology.
Research on mobile robots began in the late 1960s. From 1966 to 1972, Nils Nilssen and Charles Rosen of Stanford Research Institute (SRI) developed an autonomous mobile robot named Shakey. The purpose is to study and apply artificial intelligence technology to autonomous reasoning, planning and control of robotic systems in complex environments.
Classification of mobile robots
1. According to the moving method, it can be divided into: wheeled mobile robot, walking mobile robot (single-leg, double-leg and multi-leg), crawler mobile robot, crawling robot, creeping robot and swimming robot and other types;
2. According to the working environment, it can be divided into: indoor mobile robots and outdoor mobile robots;
3. According to the control system structure, it can be divided into: functional (horizontal) structural robot, behavioral (vertical) structural robot and hybrid robot;
4. According to functions and uses, it can be divided into: medical robots, military robots, disabled robots, cleaning robots, etc.;
An intelligent mobile robot is a comprehensive system that integrates environmental perception, dynamic decision-making and planning, behavior control and execution. It focuses on multi-disciplinary research results such as sensor technology, information processing, electronic engineering, computer engineering, automation control engineering, and artificial intelligence.
With the continuous improvement of robot performance, the application range of mobile robots has been greatly expanded, not only in industry, agriculture, medical care, service and other industries, but also in harmful and dangerous occasions such as urban security, national defense and space exploration. Nice application. Therefore, mobile robot technology has received widespread attention from countries all over the world.